What is The Manhattan Declaration [MD]?
The MD is a written pronouncement by “[Eastern] Orthodox, [Roman] Catholic, and Evangelical Christians who have united at this hour to reaffirm fundamental truths about justice and the common good, and to call upon our fellow citizens, believers and non-believers alike, to join us in defending them.”1 It asserts a Christian viewpoint and rallies commitment to truth in three areas: (1) the sanctity of human life, (2) the dignity of marriage as the conjugal union of husband and wife, and (3) the rights of conscience and religious liberty. The MD was published on November 20, 2009 and can be viewed (and signed) at www.manhattandeclaration.org.
Strengths of the Declaration
- Balance of grace and truth. In most places, the MD commendably attempts to comingle grace (embracing its writers and others despite intrinsic weaknesses and sins) and truth (lawful/factual content that clarifies and demands holiness). It is a refreshing example of this balance, and we heartily recommend its study by life-affirming people as a tonal example and encouragement.
- Relevant. The MD is timely and accurately contextualized to our modern situation.
- Holistic regarding the life ethic. The document rightly connects abortion, embryonic killing, and euthanasia within the same ethical category of destroying the judicially innocent. This is a helpful corrective for traditional “pro-life” advocates who may view abortion as the only “true pro-life cause.”
- Historically rooted. It helpfully roots its imperatives in Christian history.
- Biblical precedent. Documents like the MD find precedent in general in the prophetical literature and ministries of the Bible.2 It also finds more specific precedent in the case where Esther presented her petition to King Ahasuerus.3
Weaknesses of the Declaration
- Lack of gospel clarity. Though it claims to be a “truly prophetic Christian witness,” the MD lacks any explicit explanation of the gospel as the motive for its existence, the core of its content, or the ultimate solution to the evils it reveals. Therefore, it is sub-Christian and we urge caution on the part of The Church and Christians. This is not to say that it is a bad or useless document. It is to say that as Christians, we must be careful to ally ourselves with expressly Christian manuscripts, and that the only thing that makes any manuscript expressly Christian is the gospel.4
- Weaknesses inherent to ecumenical documents. The MD bears some of the weaknesses inherent in documents that attempt to unify people from a broad spectrum of faiths. For example, it muddies the waters on the purity and motive of the gospel.
- Potential for negative stereotype reinforcement. Like it or not, Christians in general, and life-affirming people in particular, are largely viewed negatively by our culture as the “graceless, intolerant moral police.” Though this is not entirely fair, it is a reality that could be reinforced by a gospel-absent, law-focused document such as the MD.
Counsel on Signing the Declaration
The MD contains vows, and God takes vows very seriously.5 So, before signing, we encourage you to (1) read it entirely, (2) think through the strengths and weaknesses cited above, and (3) seriously consider your willingness before God to keep the vows contained in its declaration quoted below (emphasis added).
Because we honor justice and the common good, we will not comply with any edict that purports to compel our institutions to participate in abortions, embryo-destructive research, assisted suicide and euthanasia, or any other anti-life act; nor will we bend to any rule purporting to force us to bless immoral sexual partnerships, treat them as marriages or the equivalent, or refrain from proclaiming the truth, as we know it, about morality and immorality and marriage and the family. We will fully and ungrudgingly render to Caesar what is Caesar’s. But under no circumstances will we render to Caesar what is God’s.
The Rest of the Story
As good as it may be, the sweeping change trumpeted within the MD requires more than a declaration alone. The gap between its ideals and their widespread realization can only be filled by Christian churches that are consistently and holistically applying the gospel to the ideals the MD addresses. As regards the sanctity of human life, an excellent way to close this gap is to start a Life Team in your church. Within a trust relationship with pastoral leadership, a Life Team graciously and consistently works to synchronize the congregations’ hearts and minds with God’s on the issues of life.
If your church does not yet have a Life Team - Churches for Life exists to help you build one! Through a Life Team, your church can not only consider documents like the MD, but build a comprehensive, consistent plan to realize the ideals it espouses both inside and outside its walls. Contact us to get started at info@getintolife.org. Also, visit our website, www.getintolife.org, for helpful articles, a training calendar, ideas for involving teens, ideas for maximizing the sanctity of human life season, and more.
If your church does have a Life Team – then you should plan on how the MD can be part of your consistent approach to build your church as a gospel-driven champion of life. Be sure to get leadership blessing before exposing the congregation to the MD or other initiatives like it. If you want to talk over your strategies, please contact us.
2 The Old and New Testaments are full of prophetical literature, including books like Isaiah, Jeremiah, and more. Jesus Himself has a prophetic ministry (truth-telling). Christian believers today are enjoined to “tell the truth in love” as part of God’s ongoing prophetic ministry (Eph. 4:15).
3 Esther, chapter 5
4 John 17:3, Rom. 5:11, 1 Cor. 2:2, 15:19, 2 Cor. 3:14, Gal. 6:12, Phil. 1:27, Jude 1:24-25
5 Lev. 22:18ff, Lev. 27, Num. 6, 30, Deut. 23:21-22, Ecc. 5:4-6, Matt. 5:34-37, Acts 18:18, 2 Cor. 1:17-20, James 5:12.